PHP is an "HTML-embedded
scripting language" primarily used for dynamic
Web applications. The first part of this
definition means that
PHP code can be interspersed with HTML, making it simple to generate dynamic pieces of Web pages on the fly. As a scripting language, PHP code requires the presence of the PHP
processor. PHP code is normally run in plain-text scripts that will only run on PHP-enabled computers (conversely
programming languages
can create standalone binary executable files, a.k.a. programs). PHP
takes most of its syntax from C, Java, and Perl. It is an open source
technology and runs on most operating systems and with most Web
servers.
PHP was written in the C programming language by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1994
for use in monitoring his online resume and related personal
information. For this reason, PHP originally stood for "Personal Home
Page". Lerdorf combined PHP with his own Form Interpreter, releasing the
combination publicly as PHP/FI (generally referred to as PHP 2.0) on
June 8, 1995.
Two programmers, Zeev Suraski and Andi Gutmans, rebuilt PHP’s core,
releasing the updated result as PHP/FI 2 in 1997. The acronym was
formally changed to PHP: HyperText Preprocessor, at this time. (This is
an example of a recursive acronym: where the acronym itself is in its own definition.) In 1998, PHP 3 was released, which was the first widely used version.
PHP 4 was released in May 2000, with a new core, known as the Zend Engine 1.0. PHP 4 featured
improved speed and reliability over PHP 3. In terms of features, PHP 4
added references, the Boolean type, COM support on Windows, output
buffering, many new array functions,
expanded object-oriented programming, inclusion of the PCRE library,
and more. Maintenance releases of PHP 4 are still available, primarily
for security updates.