The system tablespace is the storage area for the InnoDB data dictionary, the doublewrite buffer, the change buffer, and undo logs. It may also contain table and index data if tables are created in the system tablespace rather than file-per-table or general tablespaces. The system tablespace can have one or more data files. By default, a single system tablespace data file, named ibdata1 , is created in the data directory. The size and number of system tablespace data files is defined by the innodb_data_file_path startup option. For configuration information, see System Tablespace Data File Configuration . Additional information about the system tablespace is provided under the following topics in the section: Resizing the System Tablespace Using Raw Disk Partitions for the System Tablespace Resizing the System Tablespace This section describes how to increase or decrease the size of the system tablespace. Increasing the Size of the System Tablespace The easiest way to increas